马峙英教授团队发现一个棉花谷胱甘肽硫转移酶基因簇在抗黄萎病中具有重要作用
Prof. Ma Zhiying's Team Found A Cluster of Glutathione S-Transferase Genes Provides Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton
近日，河北农业大学华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室马峙英教授团队完成的A newly-identified cluster of glutathione S-transferase genes provides Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton，在植物学国际著名刊物The Plant Journal在线发表。
Recently, the team led by Prof. Ma Zhiying, working in the Key Lab for Research and Utilization of Crop Germplasm Resources in North China, Ministry of Education, finished a thesis titled “A Newly-identified Cluster of Glutathione S-transferase Genes Provides Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton”, which is online published on the worldwide famous journal in botany: “The Plant Journal”.
该研究通过对11个物种进行比较基因组学分析，明确了陆地棉基因组包含9类共123个谷胱甘肽硫转移酶基因GST，tau类和MAPEG类基因最晚形成，且在棉属植物进化过程中只有tau类发生了基因数目的巨大扩张。对64个tau类基因分析发现，一个起源于6000万年前棉属和可可祖先的基因簇（cluster），在100~200万年前由亚洲棉和雷蒙德氏棉形成异源四倍体陆地棉过程中，位于A亚组D09染色体上的cluster发生了适应性进化，并经历了正向选择。转录组分析发现，黄萎病菌诱导下17个GST基因在抗、感品种中差异表达，其中包含14个tau类基因，且该cluster的3个基因显著上调表达。对该cluster核心基因GhGST的转基因烟草分析，发现转基因植株黄萎病抗性明显提高，陆地棉抗病品种的基因沉默试验证明该cluster对抗黄萎病具有重要作用，进一步分析发现该cluster参与了细胞的活性氧稳态调节过程。
Through comparative genomic analysis of 11 species, the study confirmed that the upland cotton genome contains 9 classes of 123 Glutathione S-transferase Genes, and the type tau and MAPEG genes were latest formed, plus, the type tau had a huge expansion of the number of genes during the evolution of cotton. Analysis of 64 tau genes showed that a procotton originated 60 million years ago and a gene cluster of cocoa ancestor, which located on chromosome D09 of subgroup A underwent adaptive evolution and positive selection, in the process of the formation of Tetraploid upland cotton from Asian cotton and Raymond's cotton 1 to 2 million years ago. Transcriptome analysis showed that 17 GST genes induced by verticillium wilt were differentially expressed in resistant and susceptible varieties, including 14 tau genes, and 3 genes of the cluster were significantly up-regulated. Through the analysis of transgenic tobacco with the core gene GhGST of the cluster, it was found
that the resistance of transgenic plants to verticillium wilt was significantly improved, and the gene silencing test of upland cotton disease-resistant varieties proved that the cluster played an important role in fighting verticillium wilt, and further analysis found that the cluster was involved in the process of reactive oxygen homeostasis regulation of cells.
研究结果为陆地棉黄萎病抗性机制解析和抗病育种提供了重要依据。该项研究得到国家自然科学基金等资助。
The results provide an important basis for the mechanism analysis of verticillium wilt resistance and disease resistance breeding of upland cotton. The research was funded by the national natural science foundation of China.
此外，马峙英教授团队2018年还在Nat Genet、Mol Plant Pathol、BMC Plant Biol、Theor Appl Genet、Front Plant Sci、Plant Cell Tiss Org等国际著名期刊，发表棉花产量、品质、抗逆性等重要性状的基因组研究和遗传改良相关论文，共8篇。论文发表题目及网址如下:
In addition, in 2018, Prof. Ma's team also published 8 papers on genome research and genetic improvement of important traits such as cotton yield, quality and stress resistance in Nat Genet, Mol Plant Pathol, BMC Plant Biol, Theor Appl Genet, Front Plant Sci, Plant Cell Tiss Org and other international famous journals. The title and website of the paper are as follows:
1. Resequencing a core collection of upland cotton identifies genomic variation and loci influencing fiber quality and yield https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-018-0119-7
2. The cotton laccase gene GhLAC15enhanced Verticillium wilt resistance via increasing defense-induced lignification and lignin components in the cell wall of plants https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mpp.12755
3. HyPRP1 performs a role in negatively regulating cotton resistance to V. dahliae via the thickening of cell walls and ROS accumulation https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-018-1565-1
4. A genome-wide association study uncovers novel genomic regions and candidate genes of yield-related traits in upland cotton https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00122-018-3162-y
5. Identification of SNPs and candidate genes associated with salt tolerance at the seedling stage in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01011/full
6. Systematic analysis of cotton non-specific lipid transfer protein family revealed a special group that is involved in fiber elongation https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01285/full
7. Molecular cloning of Ve promoters from Gossypium barbadense and G. hirsutum and functional analysis in Verticillium wilt resistance https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11240-018-1485-7
编辑：宣传部 姚运肖
Editor: Publicity Department Yao Yunxiao
